WHY IS IT HARD TO COLONIZE MARS?
22,149 views•Oct 22, 2020
INSANE CURIOSITY
134K subscribers
Being the second smallest planet in the solar system
and named after the Roman god of war, Mars is considered to be a desolate,
frigid and inhospitable rock whose colonization is one of the biggest
challenges in our century.
Curious to know
why it is so hard to colonize Mars? Keep Watching!
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Mars exploration and colonization have been a fantasy
and a really hard challenge for Humans in the current century. However, we are
working to make this dream a reality where NASA is planning to put humans on
Mars by the end of 2030. One of the biggest challenges is transporting
astronauts and payload across the 34 million miles of space that exists between
Mars and Earth, however, upon their arrival; humans will have to face many
other challenges during the course of their mission. For instance, they will
have to find solutions for life threatening problems such as the lack of water,
thin atmosphere, the high levels of radiation, toxic soil, cold temperatures
and low gravity. In this video, we’ll talk about each factor of these serious
problems in detail.
1- Lack of Water, As we all know, water is the most
important and essential factor when it comes to the lives of humans and their
survival. However, Mars does not contain water or at least it does not contain
water in a form suitable for human usage. There were signs of water on the red
planet illustrated in some images sent by The Mariner 9 and Viking space probes
back to the 1970s. Moreover, in 2018, a study was published in the science
journal reporting that an approximately 12 miles in width lack; had been found
and it’s located about a mile below the south pole of Mars. Additionally,
scientists had found eight regions on Mars where soil erosion had uncovered
huge areas of ice deposits below the Martian surface. In 2019, the American
Geophysical Union reported that they located layers of ice and sand buried a
mile beneath Mars’s north pole. All of this information demonstrates that Mars
does contain water on its surface, however, the technology required to extract
this embedded water is not available to us, Yet. NASA is working on this
problem through forming partnerships in order to advance their mining
technologies for use in space exploration. The results of these partnerships
are very promising where in July 2019, along with Honeybee Robotics and the
University of Central Florida, NASA showed off a prototype spacecraft that is
called “The World Is Not Enough” or WINE, for short, it is a prototype of the
size of a microwave oven specifically designed to mine soil on asteroids,
extract water from this soil and then use it to generate steam in order to
propel itself to its next mining destination. It’s a truly promising technology
but it can be adapted to harvest water for Mars exploration.
2- Thin Atmosphere, an atmosphere is one of the most
important factors that a planet must acquire in order to support human life and
survival. However, Mars’s atmosphere is very thin and it’s made up of all the
wrong combinations of gases. For example, it’s mostly composed of carbon
dioxide, approximately 95.3% of Mars’s atmosphere is carbon dioxide which is a
very high ratio compared to less than 1% on Earth. Moreover, Mars’s atmosphere
has barely any oxygen, around 0.13% compared to 21% on Earth, which is very
unfortunate due to the fact that humans need oxygen to breath. In addition to
this, Mars’s atmosphere contains a very small ratio of nitrogen, around 2.7%
compared to 78% on Earth which is also very unfortunate due to the fact that
plants need nitrogen to survive.
Besides the wrong combinations of gases in Mars’s
atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure is unfortunately quite low , around 6.1
millibars compared to 1,013.25 millibars on Earth.
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Credits: Ron Miller
Credits: Nasa/Shutterstock/Storyblocks/Elon
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