INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH: CHANDRAYAAN-2 MAKES HISTORY

🚀 Chandrayaan-2 Makes a Historic Discovery! 🌕✨

India’s Chandrayaan-2 orbiter has achieved a world-first — detecting how solar storms impact the Moon’s atmosphere! 🌞⚡

Using its CHACE-2 instrument, the spacecraft observed major changes in the Moon’s thin exosphere when a solar eruption hit. This breakthrough gives scientists new insights into how intense solar activity affects airless celestial bodies like the Moon — crucial for future lunar missions and habitats. 🛰️

This marks another proud milestone for ISRO and India’s growing leadership in space research and innovation. 🇮🇳

#Chandrayaan2 #ISRO #MoonMission #fblifestyle

INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH

INDIA WATCH: THE 1991 ECONOMIC REFORMS

Narasimha Rao, Indian Minister for Foreign Affairs.

Date19 September 1983

Source:  https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/photo-details/P-001617~2F01-8

Author:  Christian Lambiotte - European Commission

licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

Attribution: © European Union, 2025

Via WIKIMEDIA COMMONS 

Manmohan Singh Hindi Biography

Author:  Hindi Education24

available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication

Via WIKIMEDIA COMMONS 

THE 1991 ECONOMIC REFORMS 

The 1991 economic reforms in India, formally launched on July 24, 1991, were a watershed moment that set the foundation for India's modern economic landscape. These reforms, initiated under Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh, aimed to address the severe economic crisis India faced at the time, including a balance of payments deficit and plummeting foreign exchange reserves.

Key highlights and timeline of the reforms:

July 1991: The government launched the New Economic Policy focused on liberalisation, privatisation, and globalisation (the LPG model).

The rupee was devalued to boost exports.

Industrial licensing requirements were abolished for most sectors, ending the restrictive License Raj.

Public sector reservation was reduced, allowing private participation in industries like telecom and civil aviation.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) caps were raised, and a board was established to promote foreign investment.

Trade barriers were lowered, import licensing dismantled, and import duties progressively reduced.

Financial sector reforms liberalised interest rates and permitted private sector banks entry.

Fiscal discipline and monetary tightening measures controlled inflation and reduced deficits.

Impacts following these reforms:

India's GDP growth accelerated from an average of around 3.5% pre-1991 to consistently above 6%  - some years approaching double-digit growth.

        

investment inflows surged, bringing capital, technology, and managerial expertise.

The private sector expanded dramatically, leading innovation and job generation.     

India’s foreign exchange reserves grew from just a few weeks of import cover to record highs.

Trade and globalization integration grew, with India joining the WTO and G20.

While poverty reduced significantly, income inequality became an emerging concern.

These reforms transformed India from a closed, centrally planned economy to a more market-oriented and globally integrated one, laying the groundwork for India’s emerging economic power status today

Grateful thanks to PERPLEXITY AI for its generous help and support in creating this blogpost and Wikimedia Commons for the images

INDIA WATCH: ADVANCEMENTS AND DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE PAST 78 YEARS

Map-of-India-States

Author:  Monus0727

licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.

Via WIKIMEDIA COMMONS 

INDIA'S ADVANCEMENTS AND DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE PAST 78 YEARS 

Since gaining independence in 1947, India has made remarkable progress across various sectors, transforming itself from a struggling post-colonial state into a global powerhouse.

Diplomacy and Foreign Policy

India began its diplomatic journey with a principled stance of non-alignment during the Cold War, choosing to remain independent of the major power blocs. Over time, pragmatism led to strategic partnerships, including a pivotal treaty with the Soviet Union in the 1970s and the "Look East" policy in the 1990s to engage with rapidly growing Southeast Asia. The 2000s ushered in a reset with the United States, and today, India pursues a multi-alignment approach, balancing participation in groups like BRICS and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad), securing a strong global presence.

Economic Growth and Reforms

The early decades post-independence were marked by the License Raj system, characterized by heavy regulations and slow growth, with India struggling with scarcity and poverty. The watershed moment came in 1991 with sweeping economic reforms liberalizing trade and industry, igniting one of the fastest-growing major economies worldwide. The IT and services boom from the 1990s to 2010 placed India on the global tech map. Despite setbacks, including a 7.3% GDP contraction in 2020 due to COVID-19, India rebounded swiftly and today stands as the world's fourth-largest economy, a major pharmaceutical exporter, and a food-secure nation.

Technological Innovations

Building a foundation of scientific ambition early, India established the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) from 1950, cultivating talent that would feed into its IT success. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) pioneered IT outsourcing, making India a global software services hub. Progressive computer policies in the 1980s and 1990s fueled this growth. Today, digital payment systems like UPI and the JAM trinity have revolutionized financial inclusion, making India a leader in real-time digital transactions. The tech sector now faces the challenge of integrating artificial intelligence within its evolving landscape.

Military and Defence

India's military has evolved through periods of conflict, including wars with neighboring countries in the 1960s and 1970s. The nation has developed a robust defense industry focused on import substitution and self-reliance. India’s nuclear tests in Pokhran marked its strategic deterrent capability. Continuing reforms have modernized the armed forces with new doctrines and integration to meet contemporary challenges.

Space Exploration

India’s space program began humbly with satellite launches in cooperation with Russia/Soviet Union but has since taken giant leaps. ISRO achieved notable milestones with moon and Mars missions, carving its name among global spacefaring nations. Recent astronaut missions and growth in the space economy highlight India's expanding capabilities in aerospace technology.

Cultural Influence and Soft Power

Bollywood has become an influential cultural export, winning hearts globally. India's cultural roots shine through the widespread embrace of yoga and Buddhism worldwide, alongside the distinctive use of Indian English. Sporting achievements have evolved from traditional hockey success to cricket dominance, popularized by the Indian Premier League (IPL) transforming the sport commercially.

Conservation and Wildlife Protection

India's commitment to conservation goes back to ancient times. Despite severe setbacks during colonialism, post-independence India introduced landmark wildlife protection laws, including the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger. Modern conservation efforts focus on sustainable habitats and community involvement, tackling challenges of climate change and habitat loss. India now boasts the majority of the world's tiger population and facilities for other endangered species reintroduction.

This journey from a post-colonial state to a modern nation reflects India’s resilience, vision, and the ambition of its people to claim their rightful place in the global order.

Grateful thanks to PERPLEXITY AI for its generous help and support in creating this blogpost and Monus0727 and Wikimedia Commons for the map of India 🙏🙏🙏

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INDIA WATCH : 101 FACTS ABOUT INDIA

101 FACTS ABOUT INDIA

842,732 views•Jun 16, 2017

101FACTS

560K subscribers

It's the country with over 1.3 billion people, a spa just for elephants and even a floating post office! Learn 101 incredible things about the majestic country that is India!

Grateful thanks to 101FACTS and YouTube.

INDIA WATCH : A GLIMPSE INTO ANCIENT INDIAN ASTRONOMY

A GLIMPSE INTO ANCIENT INDIAN ASTRONOMY

KHURSHED BATLIWALA (BAWA)

323,685 views•Premiered May 31, 2020

BnD TV

112K subscribers

While astronomy is the science of exploring the world that is outside, meditation is the science of exploring what is inside. In this talk by Khurshed Batliwala,  he explores how Ancient Indian Scientists and Astronomers knew about the wonders of the outside world which modern day science is still catching up.

With a post graduate in Mathematics from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Khurshed Batliwala, or Bawa as he is fondly known (a nick name that has stuck from his IIT days) is an extraordinary personality.

In his own words, he decided it was better to teach people meditation and make them happy rather than teach them mathematics and make them miserable and thus chose the unconventional and challenging career path as a faculty member of the Art of Living, sharing the vision of its founder, Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, which is to see a smile on every face on the planet.

Khurshed Batliwala and Dinesh Ghodke,  Faculties of Art of Living and Authors of the best selling books Ready, Study, Go! and Happiness Express, make talks on how to deal with the most common problems that most of us face, which can be  effortlessly integrated into daily life.

Have any questions you want answered? Send an email to ask@bawandinesh.in and we will answer them in a form of a video.

Shot, Edited and Created by V19 Productions

Special Thanks to

Dr.Hema Hari and Dr.D.K.Hari - Bharath Gyan

Manak Sharma

Art of Living Ashram Administration, Bengaluru

Shloka Rendition by

Keerthana Vaidyanathan & Harshal Pulekar

Grateful thanks to KHURSHED BATLIWALA (BAWA), V19 Productions, Dr.Hema Hari and Dr.D.K.Hari - Bharath Gyan, Manak Sharma, Art of Living Ashram Administration, Bengaluru, Keerthana Vaidyanathan & Harshal Pulekar and YouTube.

India Watch-:

India Watch-58:

India Watch-57: 15 THINGS YOU DIDN'T KNOW ABOUT INDIA

15 THINGS YOU DIDN'T KNOW ABOUT INDIA

1,814,566 views

“Alux.com”

Published on Mar 6, 2017

Grateful thanks to “Alux.com” and YouTube.